Trabzon Castle
Trabzon, Turkey
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The Walls of Trabzon, sometimes called Trabzon Castle, are a series of Byzantine defensive fortifications surrounding the old town of Trabzon in northeastern Turkey. Built on Roman foundations using cut stones salvaged from earlier structures, the walls stretch from the hillside behind the old town down to the Black Sea shore, dividing the city into three distinct zones: the Upper Town (Yukari Hisar), which functioned as the citadel and acropolis; the Middle Town (Orta Hisar), constructed during the reign of Alexios II in the early 14th century; and the Lower Town (Aşağı Hisar). The Upper Town, believed to have origins as early as 2000 BC, features higher and thicker walls fortified with towers on its southern side and was home to the imperial palace of the Empire of Trebizond. The three zones are separated by ravines carved by the Zagnos and Tabakhane streams, while multiple gates—including the Imaret Kapı and Zaganos Pasha Gate—provided access between sections. Following the Ottoman conquest, a small mosque was erected adjacent to the imperial palace.
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- Type
- defensive wall
- Place
- Trabzon, Turkey
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Location